Bass, barred sand
|
0-120
|
South: southern California mainland
|
soft bottom less than 30 ft, eel grass beds
|
sand bottom
|
aggregate over sand in summer - early fall for spawning
|
planktonic
|
3-4 weeks
|
moderate
|
Bass, giant sea
|
15-150
|
South: mainland and islands
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds, sand bottom
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds, sand flats
|
aggregate for several months during spawning
|
planktonic
|
one month; settle at ca. in.
|
moderate
|
Bass, kelp
|
0-75
|
South: mainland and islands (uncommon central Calif.)
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds, eel grass beds
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds
|
aggregate in kelp beds and over rocky reefs for spawning in late May- September
|
planktonic
|
28-30 days
|
moderate
|
Bass, spotted sand
|
0-200
|
South: Santa Monica Bay and south
|
sand, mud, jetties, eel grass beds
|
soft bottom, kelp forests, eel grass beds, jetties
|
aggregate near bays to spawn in summer
|
planktonic
|
25-31 days
|
low
|
Blacksmith
|
0-150
|
South: (to Monterey Bay)
|
rocky reefs
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds
|
demersal eggs in nests; defended by male
|
planktonic
|
short to moderate
|
moderate
|
Cabezon
|
0-250
|
All regions, including islands
|
rocky reefs, breakwaters, kelp beds, tide pools, open ocean
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds
|
eggs adhesive, attach to substrate, often macroalgae
|
planktonic
|
3-4 months
|
low
|
Corbina, California
|
0-45
|
South: mainland
|
soft bottom, nearshore including surf zone
|
soft bottom, surf zone and bays
|
growth rate faster in estuaries; spawn offshore
|
planktonic
|
short
|
low
|
Croaker, black
|
0-150
|
South: mainland
|
soft bottom, nearshore including surf zone
|
soft bottom, surf zone; occasionally rocky reefs
|
one of few croakers to prefer rocky reefs and kelp beds
|
planktonic
|
short
|
low
|
Croaker, white
|
0-420
|
All; most common Point Reyes to Mexico border
|
near bottom in shallow soft habitat
|
soft bottom, primarily nearshore and estuaries
|
schooling; multiple spawning each year; adults in deeper water than juveniles
|
planktonic; larvae become epibenthic
|
short
|
low
|
Croaker, yellowfin
|
0-150
|
South: mainland, Pt. Conception south
|
soft bottom, nearshore and estuaries
|
soft bottom, beaches and piers, estuaries, kelp beds
|
spawning primarily in summer
|
planktonic
|
short
|
low
|
Eel, wolf
|
Intertidal to 600
|
N,NC,SC
|
pelagic
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds
|
not a true eel; spawn October-February
|
planktonic
|
1-2 months
|
moderate
|
Flounder, starry
|
Shallow-900
|
N,NC,SC
|
estuaries and bays, nearshore soft bottom
|
soft bottom; estuaries and bays to upper slope
|
spawn near river mouths and in estuaries and bays
|
planktonic
|
25-75 days
|
moderate
|
Goby, bluebanded
|
0-210 incl. intertidal
|
S (to Monterey Bay during El Nio yrs)
|
rocky reefs
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds
|
males guard eggs, attached on brood chambers
|
planktonic
|
unknown
|
low
|
Goby, zebra
|
Intertidal to 200
|
S
|
rocky reefs
|
rocky reefs, usually in crevices and caves
|
demersal eggs, attached to roof of shelter
|
planktonic
|
unknown
|
low
|
Greenling, kelp
|
0-150
|
N,NC,SC
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds
|
eggs adhere to rocky substrate
|
planktonic
|
unknown
|
moderate
|
Greenling, rock
|
shallow
|
N,NC
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds
|
eggs adhere to rocky substrate
|
planktonic
|
unknown
|
moderate
|
Grunion, California
|
0-60
|
SC, S
|
sandy nearshore areas
|
sandy nearshore areas
|
eggs deposited on sandy beaches; lack filaments
|
planktonic
|
low to moderate
|
moderate
|
Guitarfish, shovelnose
|
0-50
|
SC, S
|
as adults
|
shallow sand or mud, open coast, bays, and estuaries
|
live-bearing
|
benthic
|
none
|
moderate
|
Hagfish, Pacific
|
30-3096
|
All
|
?
|
soft bottom
|
deposit egg cases
|
?
|
unknown
|
moderate
|
Halfmoon
|
0-130
|
S
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds
|
regulates kelp growth by grazing
|
planktonic
|
unknown
|
moderate
|
Halibut, California
|
0-300
|
All
|
estuaries, shallow open coast soft bottom
|
estuaries and soft bottom open coast
|
distribution influenced by El Nio events
|
planktonic
|
< 30 days
|
moderate
|
Jacksmelt
|
shallow
|
All
|
kelp and eel grass beds; sandy beaches; harbors
|
kelp and eel grass beds; sandy beaches; harbors
|
eggs with filaments for attachment to eel grass and shallow algal beds
|
planktonic
|
low
|
moderate
|
Lingcod
|
0-1400
|
All
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds, hard bottom, soft bottom
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds, hard bottom, soft bottom
|
Spawns nearshore on rocky reefs; males guard eggs
|
planktonic
|
3 months
|
high
|
Lizardfish, California
|
5-750
|
SC,S
|
primarily soft bottom
|
primarily soft bottom
|
rest on bottom using pelvic fins
|
planktonic
|
unknown
|
moderate
|
Midshipman, plainfin
|
0-1000
|
All
|
soft bottom
|
soft bottom; spawn on hard substrate
|
Eggs deposited on rocks and hard substrate
|
planktonic
|
unknown
|
moderate
|
Opaleye
|
0-95
|
SC, S
|
rocky intertidal
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds
|
regulates kelp growth by grazing
|
planktonic
|
unknown
|
moderate
|
Pacific pompano
(Butterfish)
|
30-300
|
All
|
coastal pelagic
|
coastal pelagic
|
a schooling species
|
planktonic
|
unknown
|
moderate
|
Prickleback, monkeyface
|
0-80
|
N, NC, SC
|
rocky intertidal
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds
|
deposit eggs on rocky substrate
|
planktonic
|
low
|
low
|
Prickleback, rock
|
0-60
|
N, NC, SC
|
rocky intertidal
|
rocky reefs, shallow
|
deposit eggs on rocky substrate
|
planktonic
|
low
|
low
|
Queenfish
|
0-180
|
SC, S
|
soft bottom
|
shallow water and sandy bottom; in bays and sloughs
|
spawn at night from March to September
|
planktonic
|
short
|
moderate
|
Ray, bat
|
0-150
|
All
|
shallow soft bottom; bays and estuaries
|
shallow sandy and rocky areas, including bays and estuaries; kelp beds
|
live-bearing
|
miniature adults
|
none
|
moderate
|
Rockfish, aurora
|
600-1800
|
All
|
soft bottom
|
hard and soft bottom
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
moderate
|
Rockfish, bank
|
102-810
|
All
|
midwater
|
midwater over hard bottom, drop offs
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
moderate
|
Rockfish, black
|
0-1200
|
N, NC, SC
|
soft bottom
|
rocky reefs, kelp forests
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
moderate
|
Rockfish, black-and-yellow
|
0-120
|
NC, SC, S
|
shallow rocky reefs
|
shallow rocky reefs, kelp forests
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
Low to moderate
|
low
|
Rockfish, blackgill
|
720-1800 (juv.<660)
|
All
|
soft bottom
|
hard bottom, soft bottom, canyons, steep drop offs
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
moderate
|
Rockfish, blue
|
0-300
|
All
|
rocky reefs, kelp forests, soft bottom
|
rocky reefs, kelp forests
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
moderate
|
Bocaccio
|
0-1050
|
All
|
over hard and soft bottom
|
midwater over hard bottom
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
moderate
|
Rockfish, brown
|
0-420
|
All
|
low-relief hard and soft bottom
|
low-relief hard and soft bottom
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
low to moderate
|
low
|
Rockfish, calico
|
60-840
|
SC, S
|
soft bottom
|
hard bottom, sand-rock and mud-rock interface
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
low
|
Rockfish, canary
|
0-900
|
N, NC, SC
|
soft bottom; sand-rock interface
|
midwater and near bottom over hard bottom
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
moderate to high
|
Chilipepper
|
0-1080
|
All
|
soft bottom
|
midwater over hard bottom
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
moderate
|
Rockfish, China
|
36-420
|
N, NC, SC
|
rocky reefs
|
rocky reefs, kelp forests
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
low to moderate
|
low
|
Rockfish, copper
|
0-600
|
All
|
rocky reefs and soft bottom
|
rocky reefs, kelp forests
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
low
|
Cowcod
|
68-1200
|
All
|
soft and hard bottom
|
hard bottom, canyons
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
low
|
Rockfish, darkblotched
|
240-1800
|
All
|
soft bottom
|
soft and hard bottom
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
moderate
|
Rockfish, flag
|
100-600
|
SC, S
|
rocky reefs
|
rocky reefs, canyons
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
low
|
Rockfish, freckled
|
130-550
|
S
|
soft bottom
|
hard bottom
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
low
|
Rockfish, gopher
|
0-180
|
NC, SC, S
|
rocky reefs
|
rocky reefs, kelp forests
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
low to moderate
|
low
|
Rockfish, grass
|
0-150
|
All
|
shallow rocky reefs
|
shallow rocky reefs, kelp forests
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
low to moderate
|
low
|
Rockfish, greenblotched
|
200-1300
|
SC, S
|
soft bottom
|
hard and soft bottom, canyons
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
low to moderate
|
low
|
Rockfish, greenspotted
|
160-660
|
NC, SC, S
|
soft bottom
|
hard bottom, canyons
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
low to moderate
|
low
|
Rockfish, greenstriped
|
200-1320
|
All
|
soft bottom
|
low relief hard bottom, soft bottom
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
moderate
|
Rockfish, halfbanded
|
192-1320
|
SC, S
|
soft bottom
|
low relief hard and soft bottom, cobble
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
moderate
|
Rockfish, honeycomb
|
90-250
|
S
|
soft bottom
|
hard bottom
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
|
Rockfish, kelp
|
0-150
|
NC, SC, S
|
kelp forests and rocky reefs
|
kelp forests
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
low
|
Rockfish, Olive
|
0-480
|
NC, SC, S
|
kelp forests, soft bottom
|
rocky reefs, kelp forests
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
low
|
Pacific ocean perch
|
180-2100
|
All
|
midwater over hard bottom
|
midwater over hard bottom
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
moderate
|
Rockfish, pink
|
250-1200
|
NC, SC, S
|
soft bottom
|
hard bottom, canyons
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
low
|
Rockfish, pinkrose
|
325-960
|
SC, S
|
soft bottom
|
hard bottom, canyons
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
low
|
Rockfish, quillback
|
75-900
|
N, NC
|
rocky reefs
|
rocky reefs
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
low
|
Rockfish, redbanded
|
300-1560
|
all
|
soft bottom
|
soft and hard bottom
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
low
|
Rockfish, redstripe
|
300-1200
|
N, NC
|
hard bottom
|
hard bottom
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
moderate
|
Rockfish, rosethorn
|
390-1800
|
N, NC, SC
|
soft and hard bottom
|
hard bottom, canyons
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
low
|
Rockfish, rosy
|
50-420
|
All
|
soft and hard bottom
|
hard bottom
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
low
|
Rockfish, sharpchin
|
300-1050
|
All
|
hard bottom
|
hard bottom
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
moderate
|
Rockfish, shortbelly
|
0-930
|
All
|
midwater over hard bottom
|
midwater over hard bottom
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
moderate
|
Rockfish, speckled
|
100-1200
|
All
|
hard bottom
|
hard bottom
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
moderate
|
Rockfish, splitnose
|
700-1560
|
All
|
soft bottom
|
hard bottom, canyons
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
moderate
|
Rockfish, squarespot
|
60-600
|
All
|
hard bottom
|
hard bottom
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
moderate
|
Rockfish, starry
|
80-900
|
NC,SC,S
|
hard bottom
|
hard bottom
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
low
|
Rockfish, stripetail
|
192-1320
|
All
|
soft bottom
|
soft and hard bottom
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
moderate
|
Rockfish, swordspine
|
250-1420
|
NC,SC,S
|
soft bottom
|
hard bottom, canyons
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
low
|
Rockfish, tiger
|
200-900
|
N, NC
|
hard bottom
|
hard bottom
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
low
|
Rockfish, treefish
|
0-150
|
SC, S
|
rocky reefs
|
rocky reefs, kelp forests
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
low
|
Rockfish, vermilion
|
0-900
|
All
|
soft and hard bottom
|
wide depth range, rocky reefs, kelp forests, canyons
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
low
|
Rockfish, widow
|
0-1200
|
All
|
midwater over hard bottom
|
midwater over hard bottom
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
moderate
|
Rockfish, yelloweye
|
150-1200
|
N, NC, SC
|
rocky reefs
|
hard bottom, canyons
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
low
|
Rockfish, yellowtail
|
0-1800
|
All
|
midwater
|
midwater over hard bottom
|
live-bearing
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
moderate
|
Sanddab, Pacific
|
30-1800
|
All
|
soft bottom
|
soft bottom
|
may spawn twice a year
|
planktonic
|
unknown
|
moderate
|
Sargo
|
0-130
|
S
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds, sand
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds, sand bottom
|
broadcast spawners
|
planktonic
|
unknown
|
moderate
|
Scorpionfish, California
|
0-600
|
S
|
reef systems
|
hard and soft bottom
|
adults aggregate in 12 to 360 feet to spawn; eggs released in gelatinous masses that float to surface
|
planktonic
|
unknown
|
low
|
Sculpin, staghorn
|
0-300
|
All
|
soft bottom, estuaries
|
soft bottom, estuaries
|
abundant in San Francisco estuary
|
planktonic
|
unknown
|
moderate
|
Seabass, white
|
0-400
|
NC,SC,S occurs farther north during El Nio events
|
sandy area, estuaries, piers, jetties, kelp beds
|
kelp beds. rocky reefs, offshore banks, open ocean
|
adults aggregate in spring-summer during spawning
|
planktonic
|
|
high
|
Shark, brown smoothhound
|
0-360
|
All
|
bays and estuaries
|
soft bottom, bays and estuaries, nearshore
|
live-bearing
|
miniature adults
|
zero
|
moderate
|
Shark, gray smoothhound
|
0-150
|
All
|
bays and estuaries
|
soft bottom, bays and estuaries, nearshore
|
live-bearing
|
miniature adults
|
zero
|
moderate
|
Shark, horn
|
0-492
|
S
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds
|
lay egg cases
|
miniature adults
|
zero
|
moderate
|
Shark, Pacific angel
|
3-600
|
SC, S
|
flat, sandy bottoms
|
flat, sandy bottoms; sand channels between reefs
|
live-bearing
|
miniature adults
|
zero
|
moderate
|
Shark, leopard
|
0-300
|
All
|
enclosed bays and sloughs; kelp beds; shallow sandy areas
|
enclosed bays and sloughs; kelp beds; shallow sandy areas near reefs
|
aggregate in very shallow water to release young; live-bearing
|
miniature adults
|
zero
|
moderate
|
Sheephead, California
|
0-180
|
SC, S
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds
|
changes sex from female to male with size
|
planktonic
|
unknown
|
moderate
|
Skate, big
|
10-360
|
N, NC
|
soft bottom
|
soft bottom, occasionally rocky reefs
|
young hatch from eggs in cases
|
miniature adults
|
zero
|
moderate
|
Skate, California
|
60-2200
|
All
|
soft bottom
|
soft bottom
|
young hatch from eggs in cases
|
miniature adults
|
zero
|
moderate
|
Skate, longnose
|
180-2040
|
All
|
soft bottom
|
soft bottom
|
young hatch from eggs in cases
|
miniature adults
|
zero
|
moderate
|
Smelt, night
|
0-420
|
N, NC, SC
|
soft bottom
|
shallow sandy coastal areas
|
spawn in surf zone at night
|
planktonic
|
low to moderate
|
moderate
|
Smelt, surf
|
shallow
|
N, NC, SC
|
soft bottom
|
shallow sandy coastal areas
|
spawn in surf zone in daytime
|
planktonic
|
low to moderate
|
moderate
|
Smelt, whitebait
|
0-180
|
N, NC, SC
|
soft bottom
|
shallow sandy coastal areas, bays, and estuaries
|
spawn in sandy subtidal areas
|
planktonic
|
low to moderate
|
moderate
|
Sole, Dover
|
60-3000
|
All
|
soft bottom, deep water
|
soft bottom, deep water
|
a portion of the stock migrates
|
planktonic
|
at least 1 year
|
moderate
|
Sole, English
|
60-1000
|
All
|
soft bottom, shelf
|
soft bottom
|
migrates, spawns at 200-360 ft
|
planktonic
|
6-10 weeks
|
moderate
|
Sole, petrale
|
60-1500
|
All
|
soft and hard bottom, shelf
|
soft and hard bottom, shelf
|
migrates, spawns at 900-1200 ft
|
planktonic
|
unknown
|
moderate
|
Sole, rex
|
60-2100
|
All
|
soft bottom, shelf and slope
|
soft bottom, shelf and slope
|
spawns at 300-900 ft
|
planktonic
|
at least 1 year
|
moderate
|
Sole, rock
|
50-1200
|
N, NC, SC
|
soft and hard bottom, shelf
|
soft and hard bottom, shelf
|
one of few flatfishes found on rocky bottom
|
planktonic
|
unknown
|
moderate
|
Sole, sand
|
5-312
|
N, NC, SC
|
soft bottom, nearshore, estuaries
|
soft bottom, nearshore
|
one of few medium-large flatfish found inshore
|
planktonic
|
unknown
|
moderate
|
Sole, slender
|
250-1700
|
All
|
soft bottom, shelf and slope
|
soft bottom, shelf and slope
|
relatively abundant offshore species
|
planktonic
|
moderate
|
moderate
|
Surfperch, barred
|
0-240
|
NC, SC, S
|
beaches
|
beaches
|
bear live, free-swimming young
|
not applicable
|
not applicable
|
moderate
|
Surfperch, black
|
0-130
|
All
|
rocky reef, kelp beds
|
rocky reef, kelp beds
|
bear live, free-swimming young
|
not applicable
|
not applicable
|
moderate
|
Surfperch, calico
|
0-30
|
All
|
beaches
|
beaches
|
bear live, free-swimming young
|
not applicable
|
not applicable
|
moderate
|
Surfperch, pile
|
0-240
|
All
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds, soft bottom
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds, soft bottom
|
bear live, free-swimming young
|
not applicable
|
not applicable
|
moderate
|
Surfperch, rainbow
|
0-130
|
All
|
rocky reef, kelp beds
|
rocky reef, kelp beds
|
bear live, free-swimming young
|
not applicable
|
not applicable
|
moderate
|
Surfperch, redtail
|
0-60
|
N, NC
|
beaches
|
beaches
|
bear live, free-swimming young
|
not applicable
|
not applicable
|
moderate
|
Surfperch, rubberlip
|
0-150
|
All
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds, soft bottom
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds, soft bottom
|
bear live, free-swimming young
|
not applicable
|
not applicable
|
moderate
|
Surfperch, shiner
|
0-480
|
All
|
estuaries, soft bottom, kelp beds, rocky reef
|
estuaries, soft bottom, kelp beds, rocky reef
|
bear live, free-swimming young
|
not applicable
|
not applicable
|
moderate to high
|
Surfperch, striped
|
0-55
|
All
|
rocky reef, kelp beds
|
rocky reef, kelp beds
|
bear live, free-swimming young
|
not applicable
|
not applicable
|
moderate
|
Surfperch, walleye
|
0-60
|
All
|
beaches
|
beaches
|
bear live, free-swimming young
|
not applicable
|
not applicable
|
moderate
|
Surfperch, white
|
0-140
|
All
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds, soft bottom
|
rocky reefs, kelp beds, soft bottom
|
bear live, free-swimming young
|
not applicable
|
not applicable
|
moderate
|
Thornyhead, longspine
|
1090-5000
|
All
|
deep hard and soft bottom
|
deep hard and soft bottom; slope
|
lack swim bladder; may survive after being brought to surface and released; spawn gelatinous floating egg masses
|
planktonic
|
unknown
|
moderate to high
|
Thornyhead, shortspine
|
84-5000+
|
All
|
deep hard and soft bottom
|
deep hard and soft bottom; slope
|
lack swim bladder; may survive after being brought to surface and released; spawn gelatinous floating egg masses
|
planktonic
|
unknown
|
moderate to high
|
Tomcod, Pacific
|
0-720
|
N, NC, SC
|
unknown
|
soft bottom
|
broadcast spawners; high fecundity
|
planktonic
|
unknown
|
moderate
|
Topsmelt
|
shallow
|
All
|
kelp and eel grass beds; sandy beaches, harbors
|
kelp and eel grass beds; sandy beaches, harbors
|
spawns in eel grass and algal beds, possibly kelp beds; eggs attach to spawning substrate by adhesive filaments
|
planktonic
|
low
|
moderate
|
Turbot, C-O
|
shallow-966
|
All
|
rocky reef, sand; shelf
|
rocky reef, sand; shelf
|
one of few flatfishes to occur in kelp beds
|
planktonic
|
unknown
|
moderate
|
Turbot, curlfin
|
25-1146
|
All
|
soft bottom
|
soft bottom; shelf
|
small mouth; difficult to catch with hook-and-line
|
planktonic
|
unknown
|
moderate
|
Whitefish, ocean
|
0-300
|
SC, S
|
unknown
|
midwater over hard and soft
|
responds favorably to El Niño
|
planktonic
|
unknown
|
moderate
|