Point Sur State Marine Reserve/State Marine Conservation Area

Point Sur is a site of unique geologic features. Modern sediment plains are interrupted by outcrops of rocky Franciscan Formation to create diverse habitats along the shoreline and under the surface. On shore, rocky headlands, sandy beaches and dunes are backed by ancient marine terraces. Nearshore rocks provide refuge for nesting western gulls, Brandt's and pelagic cormorants, pigeon guillemots, ashy storm-petrel, Cassin's auklet, tufted puffin, and other birds migrating along the Pacific Flyway.

Point Sur SMCA is composed of mostly sandy habitat with the occasional rocky outcropping. It is home to a wide range of fish and invertebrate species. Sur Canyon, an offshoot of the larger Monterey Submarine Canyon, lies just eight miles south of Point Sur and reaches a maximum depth of 3,000 feet outside of the SMCA. Upwelling, a process in which cold, nutrient-rich water rises from deeper waters to the surface, defines this coastline, creating conditions that attract a diverse array of plant and animal life.

Beneath the surface, kelp forests teem with different fish species including cabezon, vermilion rockfish, and blue rockfish. Sea otters, sea lions, and harbor seals feed and rest in nearshore waters, while gray, humpback, and blue whales migrate past Point Sur from November to May. The two MPAs were designed to protect this hotspot of rich marine biodiversity, while minimizing effects to nearby fisheries.

For centuries, Native American Tribes in California have relied on marine and coastal resources. Many Native American Tribes in California continue to regularly harvest marine resources within their ancestral territories and maintain relationships with the coast for ongoing customary uses. The Ohlone, Esselen, and Salinan people historically lived along this stretch of coastline, leading a nomadic, hunter-gatherer existence for thousands of years. They took advantage of the abundance of marine life, harvesting mussels, abalone, and fish.

The Portuguese explorer Juan Cabrillo was the first European to mention Point Sur in 1542. In 1602, the Spanish explorer Sebastian Vizcaino labeled Point Sur on his map as a “point that appears as a small island.” In the early 1800s, El Sur Rancho was created through a land grant by the Governor of Mexican California. Many ranchers leased parcels surrounding Point Sur to graze cattle; sections are still used for ranching today.

The offshore rocks surrounding Point Sur, notoriously difficult to navigate, led to numerous shipwrecks and eventually to the construction of the Point Sur Lighthouse, which was first lit in 1889. The lighthouse sits atop a rocky point more than 300 feet above the Pacific Ocean.

Another point of historical interest is Point Sur Naval Facility, a top-secret Cold War-era submarine surveillance facility built in 1958 by the U.S. Navy. The facility was connected to undersea hydrophones that were used to listen for enemy submarine activity. During surveillance, the public was led to believe it was an oceanographic research station. The facility closed in 1984, and in 2000 most of the naval facilities were donated to California State Parks. Today, the land is home to Point Sur State Historic Park, and docents offer guided tours of the naval facility and light station.

Point Sur SMR is directly accessible from a trail that follows Big Sur River at Andrew Molera State Park. Alternatively, you can see the MPAs from one of the many turnouts that are located along Highway 1. Views offer incredible wildlife watching opportunities. Bring your binoculars and watch for migrating birds and marine mammals.

Point Sur can only be accessed by guided tours with Point Sur State Historic Park. Schedule a guided tour to visit the Point Sur Lighthouse or Point Sur Naval Facility, or travel farther south to Andrew Molera State Park to enjoy hiking trails, beach access, and camping. While no take is allowed within the SMR, within the SMCA salmon and albacore may be taken.

Point Sur SMR

This area is bounded by the mean high tide line and straight lines connecting the following points in the order listed:

36° 18.400′ N. lat. 121° 54.150′ W. long.;
36° 18.400′ N. lat. 121° 56.000′ W. long.;
36° 15.000′ N. lat. 121° 52.500′ W. long.; and
36° 15.000′ N. lat. 121° 50.250′ W. long.

California Code of Regulations Title 14, Section 632(b)(83)(opens in new tab)(opens in new tab)

Point Sur SMCA

This area is bounded by straight lines connecting the following points in the order listed except where noted:

36° 18.400′ N. lat. 121° 56.000′ W. long.;
36° 18.400′ N. lat. 121° 57.932′ W. long.; thence southward along the three nautical mile offshore boundary to
36° 15.000′ N. lat. 121° 55.955′ W. long.;
36° 15.000′ N. lat. 121° 52.500′ W. long.; and
36° 18.400′ N. lat. 121° 56.000′ W. long.

California Code of Regulations Title 14, Section 632(b)(84)(opens in new tab)

Downloads for Point Sur State Marine Reserve

Map

Facts, Map & Regulations

Downloads for Point Sur State Marine Conservation Area

Map

Facts, Map & Regulations